공화국 대통령 어워즈 PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC AWARDS

The President of the Republic Award is a National Award for the Arts that was born in 1950 with Luigi Einaudi as a "sign of gratitude for the creative activity" to the artists, confirmed and renewed by the successive Presidents of the Republic and by the Academicians of San Luca. The Prize is awarded alternating between the three classes, Architecture, Painting and Sculpture, and is proposed by a judging commission of National Academics of San Luca. On October 28, 1948, five months after being elected President of the Republic, Luigi Einaudi signs the Decree approving the New Statute of the Insigne National Academy of San Luca which will be "included in the official collection of laws and decrees of the Italian Republic". Article 2 of the Presidential Decree, which precedes the approval, adds the word "National" next to the secular denomination of the Academy of artists. Ten days earlier, on October 18, President Einaudi, in memory of the tradition of the Royal Awards, had instituted, for the seven-year term of his office, the National Science Awards conferred by the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. These are the two important dates that precede the birth of the National Award for artists and architects by just over a year. The letter from President Luigi Einaudi to the President of the Insigne National Academy of San Luca, Carlo Siviero, is dated January 30, 1950, for the conferral to Italian artists of an annual and indivisible National Award of one million lire. The prize is awarded for the first three years by the National Academy of San Luca, alternating the three classes of Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, for the fourth year by the National Academy of Santa Cecilia for music, and so on, until the end of the seven-year presidential term. The President's letter clearly indicates the rules for participation in the competition, certainly agreed (during 1949) with the President of the Academy and with the Academic Council, and therefore reported in the first Regulations. The most important rule concerns the composition of the judging commission of the works presented: "The commission for the awarding of prizes should - writes President Einaudi - be composed, for the figurative arts, by the President of the Academy of San Luca or by the President of the specific class (painting, sculpture or architecture) who will chair the commission itself and by four members chosen from among the national members of the Academy ". To the long list of rules, methods of participation (it is a competition open to all Italian citizens judged by the Class of reference), The next day, February 1, 1950, the first General Meeting of the Academicians took place. President Siviero announces the birth of the "National Prize of Arts" established for 1950, 1951, 1952, 1954, and the Assembly takes note "with warm applause of the generous donation of the Head of State". However, in the letter from Luigi Einaudi and in the Regulations of the Award, printed and sent to the newspapers, a fundamental rule, never modified over the years, is not mentioned, namely that the candidate, designated by the Academic Commission and proposed to the Head of State, only after the favorable opinion of the President of the Republic (over the years always affirmative and respectful of the judgment of the Academicians) can be officially declared the winner. A first change in the Regulations took place in July 1951, when the Academicians decided to expand the number of members of the Commission chosen among the Classes from the initial four (two of the Class to be awarded, two representing the other Classes) to nine (bringing to seven those of the reference Class).

All the awarding ceremonies of Luigi Einaudi's presidency years take place in the Academy, the presence of the Head of State confers solemnity on the event and draws the attention of the press which for "journalistic synthesis" changes the name of the Award to "Einaudi Award" .

After Luigi Einaudi No substantial changes were made to the Regulations during the first years of the Presidency of Giuseppe Gronchi, elected on 29 April 1955. The Prize, until 1959, is conferred by the Academy with the approval of the President for three years out of four; the Commission is made up of seven Academicians and the handover ceremony takes place at the Palazzo Carpegna in the presence of the Head of State. Then the history of the Academy changes together with the history of the Prize. On 6 October 1959, President Gronchi signs the Decree approving the new Statute of the Academy approved by the ordinary General Assembly of National Academics on 12 May 1958. The Rules of the Award also undergo important changes. Since the non-assignment in the 1958 edition, because in the works presented by seventy-nine painters the essential qualities for receiving such a prestigious award were not found, the Commission submits to President Gronchi the possibility of re-examining the selection procedure. This re-examination results in a competition no longer open to all but reserved for candidates selected by the National Academics of the relevant Class together with the presidents of the other Classes. The name of the designee is however always proposed to the President of the Republic for final approval. On 6 May 1962 Antonio Segni was elected President of the Republic. Two years later, on April 16, 1964, he went to the Academy on the occasion of the award ceremony of the architect Mario Ridolfi, an event accompanied by a conference by the academic Luigi Moretti (already awarded the President's Prize in 1956) entitled Current meaning of the term "architecture " . It is the first time that an Academic has been proposed for the Award (Ridolfi is currently an Academic Correspondent). Segni continues the tradition of his predecessors, increasing the remuneration for the winner (a custom later also taken up by the other Presidents at the time of their election). From 1966 to 1971, President Giuseppe Saragat, the award ceremonies moved to the Quirinale. These are the years in which there are numerous requests for changes to the rules on the selection of candidates.

On 23 December 1971 Giovanni Leone was elected President, who agreed to continue the Prize with the amendments to the Regulations proposed by Giovanni Muzio, then President of the Academy. The prize is no longer awarded three years out of four, but every year, and refers only to the National Academy of San Luca. The reports are expressed by the National Academics and can concern both internal and Corresponding Academics. The Commission is also joined by two Academic Cultori personally chosen by the President of the Academy.

The "new" history of the so modified Prize resumes in 1973, deciding to resume the succession of the winners again by a painter, Corrado Cagli, after the award ceremony of Afro Basaldella in 1971. The successive Presidents of the Republic, Sandro Pertini, Francesco Cossiga, Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, Giorgio Napolitano, have allowed the continuation of the Prize wanted by Luigi Einaudi and strengthened the constructive relations between the Presidency of the Republic and the National Academy of San Luca.

The above content has been excerpted from http://www.accademiasanluca.eu/it/premipresidenterepubblica/premiazioni/archive/cat_id/933/2010-2012